Saturday Morning Pairs Saturday Morn Session August 24, 2013 Scores after 9 rounds Average: 94.5 Section A North-South Pair Pct Score Section Rank MPs A B C 2 63.65 120.30 A 1 0.90(A) Raquel Yiengst - Richard Yiengst 7 56.65 107.07 C 2 1 1 0.63(A) Anne Alderman - John Alderman 8 56.16 106.14 B 3 2 0.45(A) Emily Troutman - Bill Troutman 1 50.34 95.14 A 4 0.32(A) Dorothy McCormick - Greta Dolinski 3 46.90 88.64 B Evelyn Drezner - Mary Ann Moyer 6 44.37 83.86 C Annette Taylor - Noel Szundy 4 42.44 80.21 A Sue Wessner - Carl Ziegler 5 39.12 73.93 A Icy Cohen - Franklin Buckwalter Saturday Morning Pairs Saturday Morn Session August 24, 2013 Scores after 9 rounds Average: 94.5 Section A East-West Pair Pct Score Section Rank MPs A B C 8 64.46 121.83 A 1 0.90(A) Peggy Yeager - Raymond Depew 6 63.61 120.22 C 2 1 1 0.63(A) Janice Norman - Betty Hamilton 9 55.06 104.06 A 3 0.45(A) Karen Patterson - Eugene O'Brien 4 49.52 93.60 A 4 0.32(A) Rebecca Chick - C. Harold Cohn 7 46.34 87.59 A Doug Chaney - Albert Bingaman Jr 2 45.75 86.47 C 2 0.22(B) Theresa Althouse - Ralph Althouse 3 42.94 81.16 A Jack Berry - Barbara Newman 1 42.30 79.95 C Geri Buczewski - Diana Mulligan 5 40.43 76.42 B Dena Schlegel - George Held RESULTS OF BOARD 1 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 90 4.50 2.50 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 120 7.00 0.00 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 3-Berry-Newman 100 1.50 5.50 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 5-Schlegel-Held 100 1.50 5.50 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 90 4.50 2.50 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 50 3.00 4.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 110 6.00 1.00 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 4-Chick-Cohn 150 0.00 7.00 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 6-Norman-Hamilton ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 2 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 3.00 4.00 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 620 7.00 0.00 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 3-Berry-Newman 100 3.00 4.00 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 5-Schlegel-Held 200 0.00 7.00 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 50 5.50 1.50 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 140 1.00 6.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 100 3.00 4.00 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 4-Chick-Cohn 50 5.50 1.50 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 6-Norman-Hamilton ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 3 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 7.00 0.00 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 620 3.00 4.00 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 3-Berry-Newman 170 5.50 1.50 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 5-Schlegel-Held 170 5.50 1.50 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 650 0.50 6.50 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 650 0.50 6.50 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 620 3.00 4.00 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 4-Chick-Cohn 620 3.00 4.00 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 6-Norman-Hamilton ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 4 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 620 4.00 3.00 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 150 1.00 6.00 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 600 2.00 5.00 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 4-Chick-Cohn 620 4.00 3.00 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 140 0.00 7.00 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 8-Yeager-Depew 620 4.00 3.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 630 6.50 0.50 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 3-Berry-Newman 630 6.50 0.50 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 5-Schlegel-Held ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 5 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 90 2.00 5.00 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 120 5.00 2.00 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 50 3.00 4.00 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 4-Chick-Cohn 100 1.00 6.00 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 200 0.00 7.00 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 8-Yeager-Depew 150 6.00 1.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 180 7.00 0.00 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 3-Berry-Newman 90 4.00 3.00 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 5-Schlegel-Held ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 6 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 3.50 3.50 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 300 6.00 1.00 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 100 3.50 3.50 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 4-Chick-Cohn 100 1.50 5.50 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 100 1.50 5.50 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 8-Yeager-Depew 120 0.00 7.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 200 5.00 2.00 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 3-Berry-Newman 500 7.00 0.00 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 5-Schlegel-Held ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 7 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 2.00 5.00 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 8-Yeager-Depew 100 2.00 5.00 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 100 2.00 5.00 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 3-Berry-Newman 200 4.50 2.50 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 5-Schlegel-Held 300 6.00 1.00 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 110 0.00 7.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 500 7.00 0.00 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 200 4.50 2.50 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 4-Chick-Cohn ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 8 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 50 2.00 5.00 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 8-Yeager-Depew 170 5.50 1.50 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 170 5.50 1.50 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 3-Berry-Newman 420 7.00 0.00 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 5-Schlegel-Held 50 2.00 5.00 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 50 2.00 5.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 50 4.00 3.00 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 130 0.00 7.00 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 4-Chick-Cohn ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 9 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 120 1.50 5.50 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 8-Yeager-Depew 300 7.00 0.00 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 150 0.00 7.00 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 3-Berry-Newman 120 1.50 5.50 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 5-Schlegel-Held 100 5.00 2.00 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 90 3.00 4.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 100 5.00 2.00 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 100 5.00 2.00 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 4-Chick-Cohn ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 10 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 200 3.00 4.00 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 150 6.00 1.00 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 200 3.00 4.00 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 200 3.00 4.00 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 4-Chick-Cohn 300 0.00 7.00 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 200 3.00 4.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 8-Yeager-Depew 200 3.00 4.00 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 600 7.00 0.00 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 3-Berry-Newman ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 11 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 420 2.00 5.00 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 450 4.50 2.50 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 420 2.00 5.00 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 500 7.00 0.00 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 4-Chick-Cohn 110 0.00 7.00 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 450 4.50 2.50 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 8-Yeager-Depew 460 6.00 1.00 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 420 2.00 5.00 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 3-Berry-Newman ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 12 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 90 1.50 5.50 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 50 3.50 3.50 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 50 3.50 3.50 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 90 1.50 5.50 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 4-Chick-Cohn 110 0.00 7.00 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 110 5.00 2.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 8-Yeager-Depew 120 6.00 1.00 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 140 7.00 0.00 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 3-Berry-Newman ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 13 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 130 0.50 6.50 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 6-Norman-Hamilton PASS 3.50 3.50 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 8-Yeager-Depew 100 2.00 5.00 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 110 5.50 1.50 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 3-Berry-Newman PASS 3.50 3.50 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 5-Schlegel-Held 140 7.00 0.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 130 0.50 6.50 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 110 5.50 1.50 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 2-Althouse-Althouse ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 14 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 450 0.50 6.50 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 420 3.50 3.50 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 8-Yeager-Depew 150 7.00 0.00 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 450 0.50 6.50 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 3-Berry-Newman 420 3.50 3.50 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 5-Schlegel-Held 420 3.50 3.50 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 170 6.00 1.00 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 420 3.50 3.50 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 2-Althouse-Althouse ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 15 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 140 5.50 1.50 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 140 5.50 1.50 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 8-Yeager-Depew 100 2.50 4.50 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 110 0.50 6.50 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 3-Berry-Newman 110 0.50 6.50 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 5-Schlegel-Held 50 4.00 3.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 100 2.50 4.50 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 170 7.00 0.00 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 2-Althouse-Althouse ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 16 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 480 6.50 0.50 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 5-Schlegel-Held 200 2.00 5.00 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 450 4.50 2.50 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 430 3.00 4.00 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 130 0.00 7.00 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 4-Chick-Cohn 150 1.00 6.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 450 4.50 2.50 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 8-Yeager-Depew 480 6.50 0.50 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 17 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 6.50 0.50 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 5-Schlegel-Held 100 6.50 0.50 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 50 4.00 3.00 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 420 0.50 6.50 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 50 4.00 3.00 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 4-Chick-Cohn 50 4.00 3.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 420 0.50 6.50 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 8-Yeager-Depew 100 2.00 5.00 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 18 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 200 6.00 1.00 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 5-Schlegel-Held 90 2.00 5.00 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr PASS 3.50 3.50 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 600 7.00 0.00 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 2-Althouse-Althouse PASS 3.50 3.50 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 4-Chick-Cohn 100 0.50 6.50 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 150 5.00 2.00 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 8-Yeager-Depew 100 0.50 6.50 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 19 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 150 2.00 5.00 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 4-Chick-Cohn 400 5.50 1.50 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 120 0.00 7.00 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 8-Yeager-Depew 430 7.00 0.00 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 180 3.50 3.50 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 3-Berry-Newman 400 5.50 1.50 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 5-Schlegel-Held 130 1.00 6.00 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 180 3.50 3.50 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 20 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 120 2.00 5.00 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 4-Chick-Cohn 100 6.50 0.50 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 200 0.00 7.00 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 8-Yeager-Depew 90 5.00 2.00 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 110 3.00 4.00 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 3-Berry-Newman 100 4.00 3.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 5-Schlegel-Held 100 6.50 0.50 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 140 1.00 6.00 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 21 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 110 6.00 1.00 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 4-Chick-Cohn 80 2.00 5.00 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 110 6.00 1.00 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 8-Yeager-Depew 200 0.00 7.00 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 110 6.00 1.00 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 3-Berry-Newman 100 3.50 3.50 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 5-Schlegel-Held 100 3.50 3.50 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 50 1.00 6.00 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 22 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 300 1.00 6.00 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 3-Berry-Newman 400 3.50 3.50 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 5-Schlegel-Held 500 7.00 0.00 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 400 3.50 3.50 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 400 3.50 3.50 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 430 6.00 1.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 4-Chick-Cohn 50 0.00 7.00 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 400 3.50 3.50 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 8-Yeager-Depew ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 23 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 630 5.00 2.00 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 3-Berry-Newman 600 1.50 5.50 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 5-Schlegel-Held 140 0.00 7.00 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 600 1.50 5.50 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 630 5.00 2.00 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 630 5.00 2.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 4-Chick-Cohn 630 5.00 2.00 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 630 5.00 2.00 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 8-Yeager-Depew ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 24 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 5.00 2.00 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 3-Berry-Newman 150 7.00 0.00 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 5-Schlegel-Held 100 5.00 2.00 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr 100 5.00 2.00 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 9-Patterson-O'Brien 50 2.50 4.50 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 110 1.00 6.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 4-Chick-Cohn 50 2.50 4.50 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 140 0.00 7.00 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 8-Yeager-Depew ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 25 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 690 4.64 2.36 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 2-Althouse-Althouse AVE- AVE+ 2.80 4.20 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 4-Chick-Cohn 690 4.64 2.36 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 1440 1.21 5.79 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 8-Yeager-Depew 660 6.93 0.07 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 720 2.36 4.64 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 3-Berry-Newman 1470 0.07 6.93 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 5-Schlegel-Held 690 4.64 2.36 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 26 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 170 4.50 2.50 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 170 4.50 2.50 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 4-Chick-Cohn 170 4.50 2.50 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 140 1.00 6.00 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 8-Yeager-Depew 90 0.00 7.00 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 170 4.50 2.50 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 3-Berry-Newman 170 4.50 2.50 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 5-Schlegel-Held 170 4.50 2.50 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 27 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 420 3.50 3.50 1-McCormick-Dolinski vs 2-Althouse-Althouse 450 6.50 0.50 2-Yiengst-Yiengst vs 4-Chick-Cohn 420 3.50 3.50 3-Drezner-Moyer vs 6-Norman-Hamilton 170 1.00 6.00 4-Wessner-Ziegler vs 8-Yeager-Depew 420 3.50 3.50 5-Cohen-Buckwalter vs 1-Buczewski-Mulligan 140 0.00 7.00 6-Taylor-Szundy vs 3-Berry-Newman 420 3.50 3.50 7-Alderman-Alderman vs 5-Schlegel-Held 450 6.50 0.50 8-Troutman-Troutman vs 7-Chaney-Bingaman Jr ----------------------------------------------------------------------